创建ConfigMap

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kubectl create configmap <映射名称> <数据源>

1、字面值创建
kubectl create configmap testfirst  --from-literal=testKey=testvalue  --from-literal=testKey2=testvalue2

2、基于目录创建(目录下的所有properties文件都会引入,只要想要一个文件，就把路径精确到文件)
kubectl create configmap game-config --from-file=configure-pod-container/configmap/
如果不想使用文件名座位key
kubectl create configmap game-config-3 --from-file=<我的键名>=<文件路径>

3、从环境文件创建（和上一个方法区别是，会把文件中每一个值摊平）
kubectl create configmap testenv  --from-env-file=test1.properties
1.23版本开始才支持多个数据源
kubectl create configmap config-multi-env-files \
        --from-env-file=configure-pod-container/configmap/game-env-file.properties \
        --from-env-file=configure-pod-container/configmap/ui-env-file.properties

4、基于生成器创建
# 创建包含 ConfigMapGenerator 的 kustomization.yaml 文件
cat <<EOF >./kustomization.yaml
configMapGenerator:
- name: gen
  files:
  - gen.properties
EOF
kubectl apply -k .
# ---如果想要修改key
cat <<EOF >./kustomization.yaml
configMapGenerator:
- name: gen
  files:
  - key=gen.properties
EOF
# ---如果想要通过字面值创建
cat <<EOF >./kustomization.yaml
configMapGenerator:
- name: special-config-2
  literals:
  - special.how=very
  - special.type=charm
EOF

查看ConfigMap

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kubectl get configmap
kubectl get configmap NAME -o yaml
kubectl describe configmap NAME

通过ConfigMap定义容器环境变量

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1、使用单个ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: k8s.gcr.io/busybox
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]
      env:
        # 定义环境变量
        - name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              # ConfigMap 包含你要赋给 SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY 的值
              name: special-config
              # 指定与取值相关的键名
              key: special.how
  restartPolicy: Never

2、使用来自多个Config
# ---先创建ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: special-config
  namespace: default
data:
  special.how: very
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: env-config
  namespace: default
data:
  log_level: INFO
# --- 再创建Pod
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: k8s.gcr.io/busybox
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]
      env:
        - name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: special-config
              key: special.how
        - name: LOG_LEVEL
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: env-config
              key: log_level
  restartPolicy: Never
 
3、将ConfigMap所有键值对配给容器 （1.6以上支持）
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: k8s.gcr.io/busybox
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]
      envFrom:
      - configMapRef:
          name: special-config
  restartPolicy: Never
  
4、Pod命令中使用
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: k8s.gcr.io/busybox
      command: [ "/bin/echo", "$(SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY) $(SPECIAL_TYPE_KEY)" ]
      env:
        - name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: special-config
              key: SPECIAL_LEVEL
        - name: SPECIAL_TYPE_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: special-config
              key: SPECIAL_TYPE
  restartPolicy: Never
  
5、ConfigMap数据添加到卷中
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: k8s.gcr.io/busybox
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "ls /etc/config/" ]
      volumeMounts:
      - name: config-volume
        mountPath: /etc/config
  volumes:
    - name: config-volume
      configMap:
        # 提供包含要添加到容器中的文件的 ConfigMap 的名称
        name: special-config
  restartPolicy: Never

6、将 ConfigMap 数据添加到卷中的特定路径
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: k8s.gcr.io/busybox
      command: [ "/bin/sh","-c","cat /etc/config/keys" ]
      volumeMounts:
      - name: config-volume
        mountPath: /etc/config
  volumes:
    - name: config-volume
      configMap:
        name: special-config
        items:
        - key: SPECIAL_LEVEL
          path: keys
  restartPolicy: Never


配置 Pod 使用 ConfigMap: https://kubernetes.io/zh-cn/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-pod-configmap/